Diabetes mellitus (DM) By JIBRIN ENEOJO SUNDAY

contact:email- jibrineeojo@gmail.com or call +2348136470553 Diabetes mellitus commonly known as diabetes is a chronic lifelong condition that affects the body’s ability to use the energy food in food. There are three major types of diabetes; type 1 diabetes, type2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. All the types of diabetes mellitus have something in common. Normally your body breaks down the sugars and the carbohydrates you eat with simple sugar called glucose (dextrose blood sugar). This Glucose fuels the blood in the body and it’s absorbed by insulin which is present in the blood cells. So in the case of diabetes mellitus it’s either the body doesn’t make enough insulin or it cannot use the insulin it produces or a combination of both. Since the cells can’t take in the glucose it builds up in your blood it results in increase in your fasting blood sugar (FBS) and random blood Sugar (RBS) above normal. High levels of blood glucose can damage the tiny blood vessels in your kidneys, heart, eyes or nervous system. That’s why diabetes especially if left untreated can eventually cause heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness and nerve damage to nerves in the feet. Type 1 diabetes Type 1 diabetes also called insulin dependent diabetes or called juvenile-onset diabetes because it often begins from childhood. It is an autoimmune condition. Its caused by the body attacking its own pancreas with antibodies thus the damaged pancreas doesn’t make insulin. It’s caused by a genetic predisposition and could also be the result of faulty beta cells in the pancreas that normally produce insulin. Treatment for type 1 diabetes involves taking insulin, which needs to be injected through the skin into fatty tissue below. Type 2 Diabetes This is the most common form of diabetes accounting for 95 % of diabetes cases in adults. It was called adult-onset diabetes, but with the epidemic of obsessed and overweight kids, more teenagers are now developing type 2 diabetes. It’s also called non-insulin dependent diabetes. It’s actually milder than type 1 nevertheless it causes major health complications. Particularly in the smallest blood vessels that nourish the kidneys, nerves and eyes. It also increases risk to heart disease and stroke. With type 2 diabetes the pancrease usually produces some insulin. Lack of sensitivity to insulin witnessed here happens primarily in fat, liver and muscle cells. Thus its common with obese people. Gestational Diabetes. This is triggered by pregnancy (pregnancy to some degree leads to insulin resistance). It’s often diagnosed in middle or late pregnancy. Since the high blood sugar level sugar in the mother can be circulated to the baby through the placenta, this type of diabetes must be controlled to protect the baby’s growth and development. This type of diabetes usually resolves itself after pregnancy. However it poses a risk of type 2 diabetes to the mother in the future and it may also result in over weight of the baby before birth. Therefore a case of gestational diabetes requires a close work with the care team. Symptoms of diabetes mellitus are • Frequent and large volume of urine • Excessive thirst • Increased appetite • Loss of weight • Blurred vision Help For now there is no cure to diabetes but it can only be managed through nutrition and diet. In diet management the quantity and not just the quanlity of food must be considered. Thus try as much as possible to AVOID or REDUCE the intake of sugar, honey, energy drink, flavoured drinks, fruit drinks, alcohol, all malt drinks, condensed milk, pastries, yam flour excessive use of palm oil, vegetable oil and all other stimulants. Also avoid smoking or snuffing of tobacco. TAKE more of vegetables as it contains fibre and other vitamins which help to control the rate at which sugar runs in the blood. Also you can take skimmed milks and low fat cheese. ENSURE that you always consult the dietician on dietary, establish a routine of regular exercise, and avoid skipping meals. Also endeavour to take insulin or drugs as directed by doctors or medical practitioners.

Positive Character over-rides Charisma by JULIUS OJONUGWA AKUBO

A young man in his early twenties walked briskly into an organization for an interview with all the “confidence in the world”. Having graduated from one of the best schools in the world, one wouldn’t expect less than the Italian suit and shoes he wore coupled with the Rolex wristwatch he was putting on. Amazingly he met a lady just some few steps before the receptionist. Trying to catch up with time the lady incidentally stepped on him. Not even waiting for any form of apology he busted into nagging. The lady tried all she could to calm him down but only then did his uncontrolled anger aggravated. He ranted for some few minutes even after the lady had gone, then he finally went to the receptionist to be directed to his place of interview. Getting to the spot of interview he discovered that the lady he had just finished ranting on was the head of the panel conducting the interview. You could imagine what happened even after emerging as the most qualified paper-wise in that interview. We have become so charisma oriented that we have thrown away an important quality as character. Charisma may sure be a ladder to top but only character will sustain you there. Character simply put is the set of qualities that make somebody or something distinctive, especially somebody's qualities of mind and feeling. It starts with just an action grows in to a habit and finally turns out to become a character. Whereas Charisma is the ability to inspire enthusiasm, interest, or affection in others by means of personal charm or influence. Everybody may possess charisma but we can’t clearly say everybody has the positive character. Character in in terms of personal perspective and in terms relating with people are necessities that must be well built in the life of every individual that must be successful. • Personal perspective: this aspect covers everything that has to do with the behavior and conduct of an individual in such a way that he or she can be identified with such traits. Personal perspective of character includes eating habits, neatness, discipline, diligence and mindsets amongst others. Poor eating habits, carelessness, lack of diligence and wrong mindsets has contributed greatly to the setbacks in the life of so many in recent days. A guy once told me he was breaking up with his fiancée simply because he felt the lady was poor in cleanliness. We overlook so many “basics” that eventually turns out to become the little foxes that spoil the vine in our lives. I see no reason why a young lady should be poor in cooking and other house chores knowing so well that these are basics she should have developed while growing up. You like it or not they are so many things you must develop yourself “to do” and “not do”. Time management is part of the components of good character and it’s built over time just like every other components of character. • Relating with People; this aspect of character deals with the way an individual relates with people and not just him or herself. From the interview story I earlier narrated you would discover that the guy was deficient in the aspect of character that pertains to relating with people. You may have developed all the best of personal character in good measure but you must also build the way you relate with people well. Poor talking habits and poor socialising habits could end up terminating all the prospects of your charisma if you don’t work on them. Your ability to accommodate the excesses of people as well as speaking politely and correctly is part of the attributes of the good character that you must develop. Having explained in a sketchy form, what character is all about you must know that the benefits of positive character over charisma includes’ i. Enduring success ii. Self confidence iii. Efficiency iv. Reliability and trustworthiness v. Effectiveness vi. unplanned opportunities amongst so many others Conclusion What defines a man are the things he/she does, believe and think and these things are what make up his character. Building a positive character is obviously more dependable than just having some level of charisma. It may interest you that developing a positive character is a process that takes time but just as “Rome was not built in one day” you must be ready to pay for the sacrifice you will have to make to finally get what you want. Charisma can only make you a king but you need a good character to remain a king.